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As biologic drugs become an increasing segment in the overall pharmaceutical market, it is important to develop accurate and reliable methods to analyze these drugs in biological matrices. With advancements
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The idea of designing multispecific antibodies capable of simultaneously engaging two or more epitopes on the same or different antigens was developed more than 50 years ago. However, the molecular
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In recent years, there has been increasing demand to understand in vivo biotransformation of biotherapeutics and its impact on pharmacokinetics, efficacy, immunogenicity and safety. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry has been the
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LC-MS has become a major platform for the bioanalysis of protein biotherapeutics. The ease of method development and the high selectivity has been the key driving factor for the popularity
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The discoveries and insights made using pharmacometabolomics and high-resolution mass spectrometry, and the tradition of TDM to precisely quantify the target drug and/or metabolites can form a fundament for developing
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Analysis of biopharmaceuticals is very complex. It requires a suite of analytical methods and state-of-the-art instruments with maximal resolving power. 2D-LC provides high chromatographic selectivity and resolving power by combining
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Immunoassays have been the technology of choice for the analysis of biomolecules for many decades across a wide range of applications in research, diagnostics and infectious disease monitoring. There are
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Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is an osteoinductive and osteointegrating signaling molecule. It is secreted in the human body as a glycoprotein and the molecular weight of its dimer isoforms are
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Steroid profiling can be used to discriminate between healthy individuals and individuals with an adrenal disorder, such as Cushing’s syndrome, Addison’s disease or congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
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D-serine, (2R)-2-amino-3-hydroxy-propanoic acid, as shown in Figure 1a, is a well-known endogenous co-agonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate-type glutamate receptor (NMDA receptor) that belongs to a family of neurotransmitter receptors in nerve
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